Exam-style Questions: Acids and Alkalis
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Complete the following table:
pH of solution: Colour of universal indicator: Description: 1 (ii) strong acid (i) green (iv) 14 (iii) (v) (5 marks)
(Marks available: 5)
Answer outline and marking scheme for question: 1
(i) 7
(ii) red
(iii) blue/purple
(iv) neutral
(v) strong alkali
(Total = 5 marks)
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The following equation shows the reaction that takes place between an acid and an alkali:
a) Name this type of reaction.
(1 mark)
b) Write a word equation that shows the reaction between nitric acid and potassium hydroxide.
(1 mark)
c) Write a symbol equation for the same reaction.
(1 mark)
(Marks available: 3)
Answer outline and marking scheme for question: 2
a) Neutralisation.
(1 mark)
b) nitric acid + potassium hydroxide → potassium nitrate + water
(Mark is gained for writing potassium nitrate as the salt).
(1 mark)
c) HNO3(aq) + KOH(aq) → KNO3(aq) + H20(aq)
(1 mark)
(Total = 3 marks)
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Complete the following equations:
a) calcium carbonate + nitric acid =
(1 mark)
b) sodium carbonate + sulphuric acid =
(1 mark)
c) Ethanoic acid + sodium hydroxide =
(1 mark)
(Marks available: 3)
Answer outline and marking scheme for question: 3
a) = calcium nitrate + carbon dioxide + water
(1 mark)
b) = sodium sulphate + water + carbon dioxide
(1 mark)
c) = sodium ethanoate + water
(1 mark)
(Total = 3 marks)
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Some salts are made in industry for use as fertilizers in farming.
Complete the table showing acid and alkali used to make these salts
Salt: Acid: Alkali: Ammonium nitrate Potassium phosphate (4 marks)
(Marks available: 4)
Answer outline and marking scheme for question: 4
Salt: Acid: Alkali: Ammonium nitrate Nitric acid Ammonium hydroxide (1 mark) (1 mark) Potassium phosphate Potassium hydroxide Phosphoric acid (1 mark) (1 mark) (Total = 4 marks)